DAN VOGEL DISCUSSES THE SPALDING/RIGDON THEORY

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_Dan Vogel
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Post by _Dan Vogel »

Uncle Dale wrote:
Dan Vogel wrote:Focusing on bias is ad hominal and a waste of time.



Talking about what is "a waste of time;" my views are somewhat different.

There are times that the argumentum ad hominem may be worth considering -- not in the proverbial
"shooting of the messenger," but in considering the character and honesty of a man like Sidney Rigdon. If
I give such a historical figure an "even break" and disregard all of the testimony previously offered against
his character and honesty (even against his sanity), then I will be purposefully excluding a large portion
of the very historical source material which may provide me with clues about the man's motives and methods.

What then do I consider to be a waste of time?


That's not ad hominem. Considering Rigdon's character is legitimate. But I haven't cited Rigdon's denials--as if he was involved he would admit it. I think using Pratt on Rigdon's conversion is far more persuasive.

---> There is "bias;" and then there is an LDS testimony that the Book of Mormon is true --- no matter what.

I view those two predispositions as related but essentially separate phenomenon. A person who has a bias
towards believing that the Earl of Oxford wrote some of the Shakespeare plays might eventually be convinced
otherwise, by patient counter-arguments and by patient self-education.

A person who says, right out in front, that God has told him that Shakespeare wrote all of the plays himself ---
and who admits that if he disagrees much at all with that voiced testimony, he will be cut off from the One True
Shakespeare Society (to which he has dedicated his efforts and 10% of his pre-taxed income for all his life) ---
would be a different matter altogether.

Talking to the first guy -- the biased one -- may eventually be productive for somebody, somewhere.
Talking to the second guy -- whom God has given a testimony -- is not only an utter waste of time,
it provides him with a propaganda opportunity to try and influence others to convert to his illogic.


I used to be the guy with the testimony. So, what happens to your theory now? When in debate with anyone, speak to the arguments and evidence, not to bias. If your goal is to deconvert, then, yes you will be frustrated. But if it's to educate and help others find their own way and conclusions, then dialogue is never a waste of time, even if at times it's polemical. I'm not out to beat the apologists. I'm satisfied if I can influence them to modify their position, perhaps even to accommodate mine. Perhaps through dialogue they will not be so sure about their interpretations enough to allow a plurality of views--such as yours and mine--without threatening excommunication.
_Uncle Dale
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Post by _Uncle Dale »

Dan Vogel wrote:
I used to be the guy with the testimony. So, what happens to your theory now?



Perhaps that is the difference between yourself and Matt Roper, or Wade Englund, or Matthew B. Brown, or
even Robert and Rosemary Brown. I do not expect them to ever drop or deny so much as 1% of their conviction
that the book was written by Nephites. I can learn a few things from such people, but I cannot teach them. I know
that from 30 years' experience. With you the possibilities either way are much greater (or, at least in the option of
my learning from you, the possibilities appear to be much greater).

Perhaps that is also the difference between you and me -- I never had a testimony of the book nor of the "prophet,"
(although I am open to practically any person engaging in prophetic ministry at times).

Because I never had such a testimony to agonize over, I have been able to plod along, year after year, in more
or less the same existential mode -- without having to talk myself out of anything, other than my trusting people a
little too easily.

I feel the eyes of Doc. Shades upon us, so I'll not belabor the point -- however, your saying that you once had
a testimony of Nephites only makes me wonder why it was that you were wrong once, but are now so doubtful that
you might be wrong again -- about certain aspects of that same authorship issue?

When in debate with anyone, speak to the arguments and evidence, not to bias.



I'll generally agree with that; though there are times it is worth addressing, if only to "clear the air." But, as I said
already, I do not perceive an LDS testimony as being the same thing as "bias." If your own testimony was founded
upon a theophany, I can only imagine what personal anguish you have been through, in justifying your disobedience
to divine revelation. If your testimony was based on some lesser, problematic epiphany, then perhaps you have a
sort of moral obligation to communicate why you no longer argue from the grounds of absolute assurance (or at
least a responsibility to inform your LDS dialog partners of how your position has evolved beyond their own).

If your goal is to deconvert, then, yes you will be frustrated. But if it's to educate and help others find their own way
and conclusions, then dialogue is never a waste of time, even if at times it's polemical.



It has been a waste of time for me. But then it was never my goal to "deconvert" anybody. My goal has always been
that of uncovering the truth -- when and where it can be found. I long ago gave up trying to logically talk to people
who say that 2+2=5 -- even if I believe that they would eventually be happier and more productive in knowing the truth.

I'm not out to beat the apologists. I'm satisfied if I can influence them to modify their position, perhaps even to accommodate mine. Perhaps through dialogue they will not be so sure about their interpretations enough to allow a plurality of views--such as yours and mine--without threatening excommunication.



A noble goal, no doubt. But from all you have said, you are locked into an authorship conclusion yourself, which
parallels that of the LDS with a Book of Mormon testimony. You may not be be so inflexible and closed off to new ideas as they
are, but I'm inclined to lump you all together as the overly-certain children of Deseret.

But that is my problem -- it is my Reorganite bias showing through and it need not derail this very interesting thread.

You were talking about manuscript dictation evidences and you actually had me cheering you on for a few minutes,
as I sat here at my computer screen. Consider that a compliment (and a small victory).

Now, back to the issues at hand.....

Uncle Dale
_Dr. Shades
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Post by _Dr. Shades »

Dan Vogel wrote:One Spalding apologist--Ted Chandler--has tried to overturn Skousen's presentation of the evidence here--

http://mormonstudies.com/scribe.htm

He attempts to cite spelling error in O-MS as examples of copying mistakes, rather than mishearing mistakes. . . Unfortunately, Chandler's observations are based on a very poor understanding of O-MS as well as the mechanics of Skousen's transcription to which Chandler relies for his knowledge. He has very little understanding of the original handwritings. He originally failed to consider the malformation of letters due to hurried writing from dictation. He tried to respond to this criticism, but very poorly. If necessary, I will put together a detailed response to Chandler.


Hi Dan,

I would be very, very interested in seeing a response to Chandler. In fact, if you hadn't already been aware of Chandler's material, I was going to bring it up to you.

Continuing thanks to everyone who has participated in this important discussion, regardless of your particular take on it. I've been waiting for such a thing for quite some time.
"Finally, for your rather strange idea that miracles are somehow linked to the amount of gay sexual gratification that is taking place would require that primitive Christianity was launched by gay sex, would it not?"

--Louis Midgley
_Dan Vogel
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Critique of Ted Chandler

Post by _Dan Vogel »

A CRITIQUE OF TED CHANDLER'S RESPONSE TO ROYAL SKOUSEN
PART 1

In a previous post, I reviewed evidence from the original Book of Mormon MS (O-MS) in support of eyewitness testimony of the manner in which the Book of Mormon was dictated to scribes. I summarized evidence presented by Royal Skousen in

Royal Skousen, "Translating the Book of Mormon: Evidence from the Original Manuscript," in Noel B. Reynolds, ed., Book of Mormon Authorship Revisited: The Evidence for Ancient Origins (Provo, UT: FARMS, 1997), 61-93.

As well as other observations made by myself regarding the absence of dittography and haplography in O-MS. This is a serious problem for Spalding advocates. One Spalding apologist--Ted Chandler--has tried to overturn Skousen's presentation of the evidence at the following site--

http://mormonstudies.com/scribe.htm

Apparently, other Spalding advocates regard Chandler's response as adequate. Craig Criddle, for instance, has referenced Chandler's study in on-line discussions with critics--

http://2thinkforums.org/phorum3/read.php?f=1&i=17703&t=17697&v=f

http://2thinkforums.org/phorum3/read.php?f=1&i=8791&t=7606#reply_8791

The following is a detailed critique to Chandler's response to Skousen, which has four parts.

1. Chandler's response to Skousen.

2. Chandler's evidence of visual copying from O-MS.

3. Chandler's conclusions from preceding evidence.

4. Chandler's reply to critics of the preceding evidence.


Unfortunately, Chandler's response to Skousen is based on a very poor understanding of O-MS, as well as the mechanics of Skousen's transcription. He has very little understanding of the original handwritings, and relies on a few photographs in publications. His evidence for visual copying is almost exclusively from misspelled words, or rather malformed letters and slips of the pen, which were later corrected. These malformed words and letters are consistent with scribes attempting to keep up with Joseph Smith's dictation and fatigue. When this situation was brought to his attention by critics, Chandler added his reply at the end. But this response still suffers from his lack of familiarity with the original and other MS sources.

1. Chandler's response to Skousen.

A. Problems of Hearing.

In an article entitled "Translating the Book of Mormon: Evidence from the Original Manuscript," Skousen asserts that the evidence in the original manuscript supports claims that Joseph Smith dictated the text and does "not support theories that Joseph Smith composed the text himself or that he took the text from some other source" (Skousen 1997, 61). Skousen concentrates on instances of spelling errors that can be interpreted as mishearing a spoken word, for example, hearing "an" as "and," or "reed" as "weed," or "beat" as "meet," or "them" (pronounced as unstressed "em") as "him." Skousen writes: "Errors in the original manuscript (O) are based on the scribe mishearing what Joseph Smith dictated rather then visually misreading while copying from another manuscript" (Skousen 1997, 67). However, the examples used by Skousen do not force us to this conclusion.


First, Skousen doesn't cite "spelling errors"; these are different words spelled correctly. This is important, because it is fundamental to Chandler's lack of knowledge as to how literary critics handle documents. Misspellings are not evidence of anything in particular. It's the substitution of one word for another that matters.

Second, what does it mean to be "forced" to a conclusion? Certainly, in isolation, each example can be dismissed with a little imagination. The question to ask is: do they fit oral dictation or visual copying better? Let's look at Skousen's examples again.

1. Scribe 2 mishears and for an in 1 Ne. 13:29

O-MS: & because of these things which are taken away out of the gosple of the Lamb & exceeding great many do stumble

Chandler asserts that this "could as easily be the result of visual misreading as mishearing." However, Skousen argues: "The use of the ampersand (&) shows that the error was not based on visual similarity. Hearing an, the scribe interpreted it as the casual speech form an' for and." (67) Skousen's explanation is far more likely.

2. Cowdery mishears weed for reed in 1 Ne. 17:48

O-MS: & whoso shall lay their hands upon me shall wither even as a dried weed

Chandler again asserts that this "could as easily be the result of visual misreading as mishearing." While it's easy to see how the scribe could mishear "weed" for the less familiar "reed", Chandler does not explain how an "r" can look like a "w". Samples of Rigdon's handwriting in Joseph Smith's 1832-34 diary did not bear out Chandler's assertion.

3. Cowdery mishears meet for beat in Alma 57:22

O-MS: for it was they who did <meet> \beat/ the Lamanites

Chandler asserts: "either 'meet' or 'beat' fits the context of the sentence, which reads 'for it was they who did beat the Lamanites.' Perhaps Oliver Cowdery didn't mishear the word but simply decided to change it." Obviously, it's hard to explain how the scribe could misread "m" for a "b", which forces Chandler to offer a third option. However, the closeness in sound favors Skousen's interpretation.

4. Cowdery mishears him for them in Alma 55:8 and Ether 8:17

O-MS: & behold they saw him <a> comeing & they hailed him but he sayeth unto <him> them not

Chandler asserts: "In the first him/them example, the word "him" occurs twice in the text before the incorrect occurrence; therefore, Oliver could simply have become confused while looking back and forth between an original text and his copy." Of course, it's possible that the scribe was about to start a dittograph but caught himself before the next word. So, it's not a definitive dittograph either. But it is well known problem in dictation, so Skousen's explanation seems more likely. Skousen: "One particular difficulty for the scribe occurred whenever Joseph Smith pronounced unstressed 'em (for either them]/i] or [i]him)." (68)


O-MS: wherefore Akish administered it unto his kindreds & friends leading (<%him%>|them) away by fair promises

Chandler asserts: "In the second him/them example, it may be that Oliver incorrectly anticipated what the next word was going to be." Anticipating the next word is more typical of dictation than copying from texts. But, again, Skousen's explanation from casual pronunciation is more likely.

5. Cowdery mishears sons for son in Alma 41:14

O-MS: therefore my Sons see that ye are merciful unto your Brethren

Chandler skips over this example. This kind of error is a well-known problem in oral dictation. Skousen states: "The source of this error is the following word see, whose initial s sould have made it hard for Oliver Cowdery to hear any difference between son see and sons see. This passage comes from Alma's discourse to his son Corianton; he is speaking to only one son." (69) This error is corrected by Cowdery in the Printer's MS (P-MS).


B. Problems of Vision.

On the other hand, Skousen gives examples of changes made in the printer's manuscript (P), which he claims are due to visual misreading of the original manuscript (O) rather than mishearing. In one sentence, Oliver wrote "also" in P rather than "always" in O. In a second passage, he wrote "many" in P rather than "among" in O, and in a third he misread "pressing" written by scribe 3 in O and wrote "feeling" in P. If Oliver could misread "always" as "also" and "among" as "many," he could certainly also misread "an" as "and" and "reed" as "weed."


The problem with Chandler's reasoning here is that we know P-MS was visually copied, and "also" and "always", or "many" and "among", or "pressing" and "feeling" don't sound the same or similar. Whereas the examples cited by Skousen are well-known problems in oral dictation. I wouldn't say all of Skousen's examples have the same clarity, but Chandler ignores the best ones.

Skousen's explanation for the pressing/feeling example is especially interesting. He says that scribe 3's "p" looks like an "f" and his elongated "s" looks like an "l." But there are literally hundreds of examples of this type of error in the original manuscript, none of which are ever mentioned by Skousen.


Again, the problem with Chandler's reasoning here is that his examples do not lead to misreadings of real words--they are simply malformed letters or an obviously wrong letter within the same word. In other words, Skousen's examples of malformed letters lead the copyist to write another word instead of the one intended, such as the following--

Mosiah 15:9: <sanctified> \satisfied/
Mosiah 27:37: <deliver> declare
Alma 8:13: <cursed> \caused/
Alma 34:10: <sacrament> \sacrifice/
Alma 56:27: <prisoners> \provisions/
Alma 58:22: <suppose> \suffer/
Hel. 4:25: <cause> \cease/
3 Ne. 8:25: <burned> \buried/
3 Ne. 20:42 <reward> \rearward/

Whereas Chandler's examples are not substitute words, but rather malformed words, such as--

feace=peace
feople=people
ufon=upon
afopstles=apostles
pals=pass

Thus, Chandler argues--

For example, in the original manuscript Oliver wrote an "f" for "p" while writing the word "peace" (385:13), and he wrote "f" for the second "p" in "People" (414:4). Even scribe 3 made this mistake, writing "f" for "p" in "upon" (98:8) and in the word "apostles" (107:6). In attempting to write the word "pass," scribe 3 first wrote "pals" but then changed the "l" to an elongated "s" (87:41). If Skousen accepts this type of example as proof of copying errors in the printer's manuscript, why does he not accept the evidence of copying in the original manuscript?


Chandler does not understand that this was Skousen's way of showing malformed letters that were sometimes later touched up by erasure or overwriting. Nevertheless, Chandler gives a couple of hundred or so examples of this type of correction, believing that they are evidence that O-MS was visually copied from a very poorly written manuscript, when in fact they prove no such thing.
_Uncle Dale
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Re: Pratt Keeps Spalding Secret?

Post by _Uncle Dale »

Resuming my response to the "Pratt Keeps Spalding Secret?" posting:

If what you are saying is true, why wouldn't Rigdon "implant" in Pratt's mind to go to Manchester or Fayette?
Why would Rigdon want Pratt to go to a little town near Rochester to learn about the Book of Mormon from an unbeliever?
Pratt wasn't looking for the Gold Bible, he was looking to preach. The Book of Mormon was a total surprise.



Again your conclusions bewilder me, Dan. I can understand your saying "I think the Book of Mormon was a total surprise." I can
even understand your saying, "I am totally convinced that the Book of Mormon was a total surprise." But when you make such an
assertion, with the same conviction as your saying "2+2=4" that scares me. It really does!

I'll admit that it is possible that Pratt did not get off the canal boat at Newark (if his story is true at this
point) with the specific intention of obtaining a copy of the Book of Mormon. But, on the other hand, he may have
been "sent" to that general area (between Palmyra and Lyons), with the charge to remain there until he encountered
a promised "revelation from God" and with the knowledge that there were people in that place who were already following
after a prophet. Pratt's exact instructuons, in his being "sent" to that area may have very specific or not; all
that we know is that he was soon baptized a Mormon and extended his "mission" after that. None of this means that
Pratt knew Rigdon had a role in writing the Book of Mormon. I am only saying that the book and the Smith followers
may have matched Pratt's religious beliefs so precisely that his "conversion" then and there was inevitable (and that
his religious superior, Sidney Rigdon, may have understood this would be the probable outcome when he sent Pratt there).

So, Dan -- I am expressing this scenerio with words like "may" and "probably" -- I am suggesting it as an operating
theory for some future investigators to keep in mind as they search for new information on Pratt and the Mormons during
the second half of 1830. You, on the other hand, are saying "The Book of Mormon was a total surprise," in the same way that you
might cite a law of physics. To me, at least, that sort of response is very, very reminiscent of the sort of reply I
would expect to hear from a faithful LDS, who was relying upon an unshakable testimony for his knowledge of "facts."


Whatever newspaper accounts or rumors Pratt and others in the Western Reserve may have been exposed to could not
have connected Joseph Smith's translation of an Indian history with restorationism. Not until after publication in March
1830 could its contents be known to the public and reported in newspapers. Hyde and Snow said the reports were
"vague" and dismissed by them as a "hoax".



Again, you make a statement which you seem to believe stands with the same authority as a mathematical
theorem's proof. All the "rumor" that needed to reach the ears of the Reformed Baptists of the Ohio Western Reserve
in 1829-30, was that God was again speaking revelation unto his chosen disciples on earth --- But there was MORE:

The Painesville Telegraph of Sept. 22, 1829, reported that "the spirit of the Almighty" was again giving revelations
unto His chosen servants, providing them with a new "Bible" of "divine nature and origin," the "doctrines" of which
were then being claimed by the "blindly enthusiastic" as being "far superior to the book of life!"
http://www.sidneyrigdon.com/dbroadhu/OH ... htm#092229

Had Hyde, Snow, Pratt, Rigdon, or any other Reformed Baptist taken the time to visit with editors Howe or Perkins
in neighboring Painesville, and there consulted their exchange newspapers (from which editors then obtained such news
items), they might easily have run across the more detailed original article, or one of its eastern reprints, in which
the Book of Mormon title page was reproduced, along with a mention that the new Bible's revelations already had
"proselytes" who were claiming it "to be superior in style, and more advantageous to mankind, than the Holy Bible."
http://www.sidneyrigdon.com/dbroadhu/NY ... htm#081129

What more could a Rigdonite of the late 1820s have wanted? God was again speaking to men and giving revelation,
and the proselytes of that restored divine communication were claiming that their new Bible was more plain
and precious than were such old scriptures as Alexander Campbell's revised New Testament.

Which is more probable -- that none of Rigdon's parishoners ever saw such an announcement in their "hometown paper,"
or that at least one of them did, and directed Rigdon's attention to the reports of a new revelation from God? Recall
also that the Painesville Telegraph was a local newspaper that now and then mentioned Rigdon himself in its columns.


The secrets Rigdon mentions deal with future plans, particularly those dealing with the New Jerusalem government
in Missouri, league with the Indians, and possible overthrow of the US government. To suggest the church leaders
could have kept Spalding secret is the same as demonstrating they DID keep Spalding secret. It's up to you to impeach
Pratt. So far, you haven't. Pratt's story makes sense to me, your version doesn't.



I'll grant that as early as 1829-30 the first Mormons may have had their eyes trained upon the impending transfer of
most of the Indian tribes west of the Missouri -- if that is what you mean by "government in Missouri." Independence
was the trailhead for the very lucrative Santa Fe silver and fur trade, and any people who managed to take control
over such a "port of entry" would be in a similar position as a modern "chosen people" who somehow managed to wrest
control of Los Angeles from the USA. But whether or not such things were discussed in the secret meetings Rigdon admits
were a part of the Mormon leadership's activities in New York in 1830, I have no way of knowing.

The point I was trying to make, is that Rigdon himself admitted to these secret meetings, while addressing the Saints
assembled to listen to him, Joseph and Hyrum, at the 1844 Nauvoo spring Conference. While the remainder of Rigdon's
3-part speech was suppressed and never published, at least he was not halted in his address by his co-members of the
First Presidency, as he explained the need for such secrecy in 1830 -- he said:

"I recollect in the year 1830, I met the whole church of Christ... and we began to talk about the
kingdom of God as if we had the world at our command... we began to talk like men in authority and power --
we looked upon the men of the earth as grasshoppers... we knew the whole world would laugh at us, so we
concealed ourselves; and there was much excitement about our secret meetings, charging us with designs
against the government, and with laying plans to get money, &c. which never existed in the heads of
anyone else, and if we had talked in public, we should have been ridiculed more than we were,
the world being entirely ignorant of the testimony of the prophets and without knowledge of what God
was about to do; treated all we said with pretended contempt, and much ridicule; and had they have heard
all we said, it would have made it worse for us...
http://www.sidneyrigdon.com/RigWrit/1844Conf.htm

That is all I am saying, Dan ---- That if others had heard "all" that Smith, Rigdon, Pratt and Cowdery discussed
among themselves in such secret meetings, and understood "all" that they "said," it indeed would have made it
"worse" for these topmost leaders. I take that as my starting point, Dan ---- that the very week (perhaps the
very day) that Rigdon appeared in New York in Dec. 1830, he was instantly admitted into these secret meetings
and was a trusted participant in their planned acts and manipulations. Quite an honor for a brand new convert!

As David Whitmer later reported:

"In December, 1830, Sydney Rigdon and Edward Partridge came from Kirtland, Ohio, to Fayette,
N.Y., to see Brother Joseph... Rigdon was a thorough Bible scholar, a man of fine education, and
a powerful orator. He soon worked himself deep into Brother Joseph's affections, and had more
influence over him than any other man living
. He was Brother Joseph's private counsellor, and his
most intimate friend and brother for some time after they met.... Sydney Rigdon was the cause of
almost all the errors which were introduced while he was in the church."
http://www.olivercowdery.com/smithhome/ ... htm#pg035a

This situation -- of Rigdon's special position -- is hinted at here. in the LDS D&C:

Behold, verily, verily, I say unto my servant Sidney, I have looked upon thee and thy works.
I have heard thy prayers, and prepared thee for a greater work. Thou art blessed, for thou shalt do
great things. Behold thou wast sent forth, even as John, to prepare the way before me, and before
Elijah which should come, and thou knewest it not....

And I have sent forth the fulness of my gospel by the hand of servant Joseph; and in weakness
I have blessed him; And I have given unto him the keys of the mystery of those things which have
been sealed, even which where from the foundation of the world, and the things which shall come
from this time to the time of my coming, if he abide in me, and if he not, another will I plant in his
stead. Wherefore, watch over him that his faith fail not, and it shall be given by the Comforter,
the Holy Ghost, that knoweth all things. And a commandment I give unto thee -- that thou shalt
write for him; and the scriptures shall be given
, even as they are in mine own bosom...



What talk was there, in those secret Mormon meetings of 1830, of Rigdon having to watch over Joseph Smith, so that
"his faith fail not;" or that Joseph Smith might not "abide in me;" or that "another" might be planted "in his stead?"
What talk was there, in those secret meetings of 1830, of Rigdon having been chosen to "write for him?"
And to be Joseph Smith's "spokesman" (just as predicted in the Book of Mormon), and of Rigdon's being "sent forth" that he
might "prepare the way" for Mormonism among the Rigdonite Reformed Baptists of Ohio?

Rigdon's peculiar preoccupation with the seer/spokesman dual leadership of the restired church crops
up again and again in his writings. Near his death he finally gave the pronouncement that the restored
church no longer existed on the face of the earth, because this seer/spokesman dual leadership was missing
(Rigdon himself having by then taken on the role of seer, but finding no better spokesman than Elder Post).

Is it a total coincidence that the very first restored "Church of Christ," established in Pittsburgh, PA
in 1823-24, also had the dual leadership of two elders (Rigdon and Scott), one of which (Walter Scott) was
the main spokesman for the new dispensation?
http://www.sidneyrigdon.com/1824Scot.htm#page27a


Is there anything specific in these charges that bear on the issue at hand? We have several instances where
these church courts drum up charges against an individual in order to maintain the status quo.



I'll leave that question for others to ponder and attempt to answer. I have placed the Grant and Hyde pamphlets
on the web. The "Times and Seasons" account of Rigdon's trial is also on-line -- as are reports in the Mormons'
New York "Prophet," the "Frontier Guardian," and citations in Rigdon's own "Mesenger and Advocate." Interested
readers can compare those accounts of Sidney Rigdon's secretive religious manipulations, false revelations, etc.,
with what writers like Van Wagoner and Whitsitt have reported. The independent reporting of the Campbellites
reinforces the Mormons' own dismal picture of Rigdon's bizzare behavior and untrustworthiness. Had Rigdon been
a member of the Mahoning Baptist Association (where Campbell had his power base), then the Campbellites might
have reined him in a little better -- but Rigdon was in the Grand River Association in 1826-29 and out of their
jurisdiction. See what Campbell himself had to say about the man (in a purposefully guarded disclosure):
http://www.sidneyrigdon.com/dbroadhu/VA ... 020731-100

I see nothing suspicious in Pratt's countering Spalding any more than the dozen other subjects he wrote on --
after all he was the leading pamphleteer in the early church. Given his knowledge of how Rigdon came to be
converted, why shouldn't Pratt take a special interest in the issue? Can you give us a reason to doubt Pratt's
account of his presenting the Book of Mormon to Rigdon?



I was concentrating more upon the fact that he was a partisan with authority to speak for the Church on this
matter. When you turn on your TV and hear a lawyer speaking for his client (even if the client is a church)
do you automatically conclude that you are receiving the full and unvarnished truth?

And if that same lawyer were later to take the witness stand, and there provide testimony exhonorating both
himself and his client, would you not hope that he would be carefully cross-examined by an opposing attorney?

I said before that I do not view my own work on this topic as being the same as prosecutor, judge and jury in
a legal case, and I do not present my findings and provisional conclusions with that same degree of precision
and adversarial process. But I will say that I see Pratt acting somewhat like a partisan lawyer-spokesman whose
main concern is in defending his client and himself -- and not in his disclosing facts harmful to his case.


They may have heard rumors or read a newspaper report about some plates being translated, but such vague reports
would probably only take on significance after their conversions.



Maybe so. See Eliza R. Snow's pre-1830 poem about an angel restoring God's truth, etc. When she re-published
the poem, she made it a more specific reference to the Book of Mormon. No doubt many Rigdonites and former
Campbellites went through this sort of mental revision of their earlier beliefs and anticipations:
http://www.sidneyrigdon.com/features/RigSmth3.htm#Snow

Funny how Atwater and Pratt say the same thing, but you only believe Atwater.



Oh, I said I was ready to believe 99% of what Pratt reported in his posthumous autobiography. I think in doing that
I am bending over backward, trying to make use of "single source" reporting. I also hold open the possibility that
Atwater (who was still alive when his account was published, and open to investigation) may have told the truth.
Do you automatically assume that he did not? Here is a link to information about him -- investigate for yourself:
http://www.sidneyrigdon.com/features/Ri ... tm#Atwater

If Pratt's late arrival argues against his participation in the plot, then why not use the same argument
against Rigdon's?



I think you misunderstand what I was trying to say.

My meaning was that by the time Pratt arrived on the scene, the Book of Mormon text was either finalized or nearing
its final, published form. Unless I can find at least one scrap of testimony or other evidence providing a contrary
conclusion, I'll give Pratt the benefit of the doubt and say he could not have much influenced the Book of Mormon story/doctrines.

On the other hand, if Pratt did not begin any close association with Sidney Rigdon until after the Book of Mormon contents
were finalized, that would also mean that he evidently did not have the opportunity to view the same semi-secretive
pre-1829 manuscript writing activities that some other Rigdon associates and observers reported.

Even B. H. Roberts was ready to concede that Rigdon had then been writing some sort of religious stuff. Are you such
a supporter of the official LDS line, regarding Sidney Rigdon, that you will even go so far as to discredit Roberts'
unusual concession in this instance?

But, let's not spend forever on Parley P. Pratt's 1830 relationship with his religious boss, Sidney Rigdon --
Here are some other people to whom we might also pay some special attention:

Aaron Wright
John N. Miller
Nahum Howard
Henry Lake
Oliver Smith
Art Cunningham
John Spalding
Martha Spalding
Solomon Spalding

Matilda Sabin Spalding Davison
Matilda Spalding McKinstry
Josiah Spalding
Abner Jackson
William Leffingwell
Daniel Spalding
Daniel M. Spencer
Lyman Jackson
Robert Harper
Erastus Rudd
Nehemiah King
Joseph Miller
Redick McKee
Cephas Dodd
Robert Patterson

http://solomonspalding.com/SRP/saga/saga02a.htm


I can add more to the list, after we have looked at what these folks did and said.

Uncle Dale
_Dan Vogel
_Emeritus
Posts: 876
Joined: Sun Feb 04, 2007 1:26 am

Post by _Dan Vogel »

Dale,

I want to reply to this part of your post, because I believe it leads to an important point.

Again your conclusions bewilder me, Dan. I can understand your saying "I think the Book of Mormon was a total surprise." I can
even understand your saying, "I am totally convinced that the Book of Mormon was a total surprise." But when you make such an
assertion, with the same conviction as your saying "2+2=4" that scares me. It really does!

I'll admit that it is possible that Pratt did not get off the canal boat at Newark (if his story is true at this
point) with the specific intention of obtaining a copy of the Book of Mormon. But, on the other hand, he may have
been "sent" to that general area (between Palmyra and Lyons), with the charge to remain there until he encountered
a promised "revelation from God" and with the knowledge that there were people in that place who were already following
after a prophet. Pratt's exact instructuons, in his being "sent" to that area may have very specific or not; all
that we know is that he was soon baptized a Mormon and extended his "mission" after that. None of this means that
Pratt knew Rigdon had a role in writing the Book of Mormon. I am only saying that the book and the Smith followers
may have matched Pratt's religious beliefs so precisely that his "conversion" then and there was inevitable (and that
his religious superior, Sidney Rigdon, may have understood this would be the probable outcome when he sent Pratt there).

So, Dan -- I am expressing this scenerio with words like "may" and "probably" -- I am suggesting it as an operating
theory for some future investigators to keep in mind as they search for new information on Pratt and the Mormons during
the second half of 1830. You, on the other hand, are saying "The Book of Mormon was a total surprise," in the same way that you
might cite a law of physics. To me, at least, that sort of response is very, very reminiscent of the sort of reply I
would expect to hear from a faithful LDS, who was relying upon an unshakable testimony for his knowledge of "facts."


According to Pratt's account, which you have not impeached, his discovery of the Book of Mormon was a total surprise. Until it is impreach, it remains a historical fact. You might doubt it, but your doubts don't remove it as fact. While you might think some Mormons having too much confidence about knowledge, you might consider that too much skepticism can lead to nihilism and no basis on which to conduct an investigation.


[/quote]
_Uncle Dale
_Emeritus
Posts: 3685
Joined: Wed Feb 07, 2007 7:02 am

Post by _Uncle Dale »

Dan Vogel wrote:According to Pratt's account, which you have not impeached, his discovery of the Book of Mormon was a total surprise. Until it is impreach, it remains a historical fact. You might doubt it, but your doubts don't remove it as fact. While you might think some Mormons having too much confidence about knowledge, you might consider that too much skepticism can lead to nihilism and no basis on which to conduct an investigation.



Admitted then -- I will try as hard as my mind will bend, to give Pratt's testimony a place in my thinking as probable
as that of Darwin Atwater, Matthew S. Clapp, Adamson Bentley, Walter Scott, Henry H. Clapp, Alexander Campbell,
Thomas J. Clapp, J. J. Moss, Esak Rosa, Eber D. Howe, William Perkins, Lewis L. Rice, Ezra Booth, Warren Isham,
John St. John, Thomas Campbell, John Barr, Josiah Jones, John C. Dowen, George Wilber, Amarilla Brooks Dunlap,
John Henry, Dency Thompson, James A. Briggs, Isaac Butts, Alexander E, Kent, Joel Giles, Sr., Harvey Baldwin, Sr.,
Zebulon Rudolph, Lawrence Greatrake, Samuel Williams, and a host of others who knew Rigdon, Pratt or both.

But can I be allowed one small boon? Can I make their testimony cumulative, rather than standing each of them
up, one at a time, and having to always decide differences in favor of President Rigdon and Apostle Pratt?

That much conceded, let us see how a dictated Book of Mormon MS (or a mostly dictated MS) shows that Joseph Smith did not rely upon
pre-existing sources (or wherever it is that the copying vs dictating arguments are taking us) ...

Dale
_CaliforniaKid
_Emeritus
Posts: 4247
Joined: Wed Jan 10, 2007 8:47 am

Post by _CaliforniaKid »

Dan, just because somebody said something doesn't mean it's a historical fact. At least, not unless we're defining a historical fact as a claim that someone made about the past, which leads to circular argumentation. I define a historical fact as a fact (i.e. a truth, something that we positively know) about history. Here's Dictionary.com for fact:

fact /fækt/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[fakt] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation
–noun
1. something that actually exists; reality; truth: Your fears have no basis in fact.
2. something known to exist or to have happened: Space travel is now a fact.
3. a truth known by actual experience or observation; something known to be true: Scientists gather facts about plant growth.
4. something said to be true or supposed to have happened: The facts given by the witness are highly questionable.

As you can see, your definition is number 4, and mine encompasses the first three. I'd say I'm on stronger footing, wouldn't you?

It is a fact that Pratt claimed the Book of Mormon was a surprise. That it really was a surprise is your hypothesis; NOT a fact.

And that's a fact.

-CK
_Brent Metcalfe
_Emeritus
Posts: 201
Joined: Sun Feb 11, 2007 3:37 am

Post by _Brent Metcalfe »

Hi folks,

Unfortunately, my playtime is on the verge of extinction, so I can't actively participate in a discussion on whether Spalding, Rigdon, and/or et al. authored the BoMor. But for those who are interested, I did post some thoughts on the topic on ZLMB in 2002 (see my response to Jeff Hammel and Brant Gardner here and my follow-up response to Jeff here; see also my follow-up responses to Brant here, here, here, and here).

I summarized my skepticism in 2002 this way:

    I have trouble with the 1814–1823 date for your proposed BoMor Urtext. BoMor themes don't merely fall under the broad rubric "early-19thC thought," they exhibit dependence on 1826–1829 events—in some cases, within days or weeks of a given pericope's dictation.

    BoMor anti-Masonic rhetoric owes its inspiration to the furor ignited by the presumed 1826 murder of William Morgan. Instructions on ecclesiology and BoMor witnesses are best situated in May or June 1829. Autobiographical echoes of Joseph Smith's life permeate the BoMor narrative. Readers even learn details of Martin Harris's 1828 encounter with Charles Anthon. BoMor stylistics are so intimately tied to Smith that we can trace lexical shifts through the narrative's unusual dictation sequence (see [the original post here]).

    In short, Jeff, a Spalding theory isn't only speculative, it's unnecessary.
Now in 2007, I've yet to read a coherent exegetical argument demonstrating that anyone other than Joseph Smith composed the BoMor—the posts in this thread notwithstanding.

(by the way, CaliforniaKid, Oliver Cowdery's 1835 Messenger and Advocate article is not the earliest reference to the New York drumlin as "Cumorah" [see here, here, and here]).

Kind regards,

Brent

[Edit: Edited first time to bold the links; edited second time to add this note about the first edit.]
Last edited by Guest on Sat Feb 17, 2007 5:13 am, edited 2 times in total.
_Uncle Dale
_Emeritus
Posts: 3685
Joined: Wed Feb 07, 2007 7:02 am

Post by _Uncle Dale »

Brent Metcalfe wrote:[list]I have trouble with the 1814–1823 date for your proposed BoMor Urtext. BoMor themes don't merely
fall under the broad rubric "early-19thC thought," they exhibit dependence on 1826–1829 events—in some cases,
within days or weeks of a given pericope's dictation.



Have you read William H. Whitsitt's biography of Sidney Rigdon, long available in the web?

Summary:
http://sidneyrigdon.com/wht/WhitIdx0.htm#1891

Table of Contents:
http://sidneyrigdon.com/wht/1891WhtB.htm#pg001b

Dale
Last edited by Bedlamite on Sat Feb 17, 2007 2:44 am, edited 1 time in total.
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