bomgeography wrote:Here is some clarification and the entire quote in full
“We surveyed our Old World haplogroup X mtDNAs for the five
diagnostic X2a mutations [A200G and G16213A in the control region
and A8913G, A12397G, and T14502C in the coding region] and found a
match only for the transition at np 12397
[nucleotide position A12397G]in a single X2* sequence from Iran.
X1 T5302C, A14587G, T15654C, (C16104T), T16278C!!
X1'2'3 A153G
X1'3 T146C!
X1a A6359G, C7533T, C8140T
X1c G7337A, T9615C
X2 T195C!, G1719A
X2a A200G, A8913G, T14502C, G16213A
X2a'j A12397G X2a1 G143A, A225G!, T3552C, T16093C
https://www.familytreedna.com/mtDNA-Hap ... tions.aspxhttp://www.eupedia.com/europe/Haplogroup_X_mtDNA.shtmlX2
◦X2a'j_◦X2a: found among Native North Americans
__◦X2a1
___◦X2a1a: found among the Sioux and Tanoan speakers
____◦X2a1a1
___◦X2a1b: found among the Ojibwe people
____◦X2a1b1
_____◦X2a1b1a
___◦X2a1c: found among the Ojibwe people
_◦X2a2: found in Nova Scotia and Newfoundland
◦X2j: found in North Africa
First of all, if you are going to present your research and expect to be taken seriously, you need to be accurate in your quoting and attribution. The first paragraph you quote is NOT from EITHER of the links you gave, it is from this article:
Origin and Diffusion of mtDNA Haplogroup X by Maere Reidla, et al., (2003)
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1180497/Second, from the article I linked above, you cherry picked a couple of sentences. Did you read the last two sentences in that very same paragraph from which you took them?
Yet, the nonsynonymous substitution at np 12397 converting threonine to alanine cannot be regarded a conservative marker, as it has also been observed in two different phylogenetic contexts.... Therefore, the scenario that the threonine to alanine change in the haplogroup X background is indeed due to recurrence appears most plausible.
The first sentence of the next paragraph shows that the authors have concluded exactly the opposite of what you have concluded:
These findings leave unanswered the question of the geographic source of Native American X2a in the Old World,
Not only does your own source again not agree with your conclusions, but the following article published in 2015 has been presented to you numerous times for further explanation.
Did you read this article? It's hard to imagine you have, the way you continue to insist on specific invalid and scientifically unsupportable conclusions that are thoroughly refuted within its pages.
Here's the part most pertinent to your misunderstanding regarding S2a'j:
The geographic distribution of X2a’j haplotypes —especially those with some of the defining mutations for X2a (indicating that they belong to the lineage that led to X2a) — would be informative to this ques-tion, but no contemporary or ancient individuals belonging to these lineages have been identified, with the possible exception of one individual from Iran with the X2a’j defining transition at mitochondrial nucleotide position 12397. However, because this tran-sition has been observed in other haplogroups and is known to occur recurrently, it is unclear if this Iranian individual belongs to the X2a’j lineage or not (Reidla et al. 2003). X2a’s sister clade, X2j, is also extremely rare, being found in just a few contem-porary individuals from Iran and Egypt (Fernandes et al. 2012). It is possible that the common ancestor of X2a and X2j originated there, but without identify-ing more individuals bearing X2j or X2a’j lineages, any inferences about the geographic origins of X2a’j or X2a are very tenuous.
Thus, at this time, there is simply no evidence that X2a evolved in the Near East, Europe, or anywhere in West Eurasia….
Did you notice that in making her case, she used THE SAME SOURCE YOU HAVE BEEN USING?? (Reidl, 2003) Only she used the data correctly, instead of picking out isolated sentences and ignoring the overall research.
eta: I notice you started yet another thread where you are continuing to post your invalid conclusions about DNA, to what end I have no idea.
I suspect they have to conjure up alternative authority systems and realities to distract from their own failures in the real world.