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Whack a Mole, err. Horse

Posted: Sat Apr 28, 2007 1:08 am
by _beastie
Once again, the horse/mole has popped up on MAD. No matter how many times it is debunked, it always comes back, resurrected for another try. Those who have witnessed the former debunking appear to have no memory whatsoever of the event.

This is the "Case for Horses" thread:

http://www.mormonapologetics.org/index. ... opic=23934

First, for the OP - I'm being lazy and just pulling from my horse essay here:

http://zarahemlacitylimits.com/wiki/index.php/Horses

John Sorenson offered a controversial reference for such remains, which was then analyzed in The Quest for Gold Plates, by Stan Larson, page 190:

“Sorenson, in an effort to support his position that the horse might have survived into Book of Mormon times, stated the following:

"Archaeologist Paul S. Martin, for example, saw no theoretical reason why “pockets” of horses and other Pleistocene fauna could not have survived as late as 2000 BC. Dr. Ripley Bullen thought horses could have lasted until 3000 BC in Florida, and JJ Hester granted a possible 4000 BC survival date."

Let us examine Sorenson’s three assertions. (1)Paul S. Martin, professor of geosciences at the University of Arizona, was quoted out of context, for after expressing the theoretical possibility that Sorenson referred to, Martin then made the following strong statement: “But in the past two decades concordant stratigraphic, palynological [relating to the study of pollen], archaeological, and radiocarbon evidence to demonstrate beyond doubt the post-glacial survival of an extinct large mammal has been confined to extinct species of Bison.” (2)Ripley Bullen spoke in general of the extinction of mammals in Florida and not specifically of the horse as Sorenson asserted. (3)James J. Hester, professor of anthropology at the University of Colorado, did not suggest that the horse survived until 4000 BC, but rather used a date more than two thousand years earlier. Hester’s date of 8240 years before the present (with a variance of +- 960 years) was published in 1967, but the validity of the radiocarbon dating for these horse remains at whitewater Draw, Arizona, has been questioned. The next youngest horse of 10,370 +- 350 years ago has a better quality of material being dated and stronger association between the material actually being tested and the extinct genus. Clearly, Sorenson’s three arguments for a late survival of the horse do not hold up under scrutiny. Certain now extinct species may have survived in particular areas after the Ice Age. For example, one scholar recently stated that “in one locality in Alberta, Equus conversidens [a short-legged, small horse] may have been in existence about 8,000 BP (Before Present). While there may have been small “pockets” of horses surviving after the Late Pleistocene extinctions, the time period for such survivals would still be long before the earliest Jaredites of the Book of Mormon.

John W. Welch, professor of law at BYU, referred to the find in Mayapan or horse remains which were “considered by the zoologist studying them to be pre-Columbian.” Examination of Welch’s citation reveals that he misinterpreted the evidence, which does not date to pre Columbian times (and hence potentially to the Book of Mormon period) but rather to prehistoric Pleistocene times. This find at Cenote Ch’en Mul consists of one complete horse tooth and fragments of three others, which were found six feet below the surface in black earth and were “heavily mineralized (fossilized), unlike any other material in the collections.” Thousands of bones and teeth were examined at Mayapan, which is a Late Post Classic site established in the thirteenth century AD, but these four horse teeth were the only ones fossilized. The reporting scholar did not suggest that the Mayan people had ever seen a pre-Columbian horse, but that in Pleistocene times horses lived in Yucatan, and that “the tooth fragments reported here could have been transported in fossil condition by the Maya as curiosities. Thus, Welch’s assertion about pre-Columbian horses must be corrected to refer to ancient Pleistocene horses, since these fossilized horse teeth at Mayapan date to thousands of years before the Jaredites.” (p. 190-191)


Later, Smac offers some evidence, including the zombie Chapman page (I call it a zombie because it died long ago, just won't stay in the grave).

This is the ridiculous essay that includes ICA STONES as evidence of horses.

ICA STONES.... a well known hoax that also pictures alien visitation and ancient brain surgery.

http://skepdic.com/icastones.html

This horse/whackamole is a good demonstration of confirmation bias. I know smac, for example, was around the last time this was addressed and debunked. Yet, apparently, he has zero memory of it, nor does, more predictably, Charles.

Posted: Sat Apr 28, 2007 1:34 am
by _The Dude
Oh, but it such a funny topic! Just read those sarcastic posts from Don Bradley and Gervin (using the "beating the dead horse" emoticon in reference to the preparation of King Lamoni's horses... as food!). Ha, ha, ha.

Not to mention the title of this thread. Very clever, Beastie.

I say "welcome" to this undead topic as long as we critics are having so much fun with it.

Posted: Sat Apr 28, 2007 1:46 am
by _beastie
Oh, but it such a funny topic! Just read those sarcastic posts from Don Bradley and Gervin (using the "beating the dead horse" emoticon in reference to the preparation of King Lamoni's horses... as food!). Ha, ha, ha.

Not to mention the title of this thread. Very clever, Beastie.

I say "welcome" to this undead topic as long as we critics are having so much fun with it.


You are so right. I just needed an attitude readjustment. I have seen that dreaded Chapman essay cited so many times on Z and MAD, I groaned upon seeing it again. But, with your help, I now view it as a "glass half full" situation. ;)

Let the giggling begin!!

Posted: Sat Apr 28, 2007 1:52 am
by _beastie
Ok, here's my contribution:

Hey, how about the horses were really teeny tiny dainty little things that were kept as pets by the elites? The chariots were actually used to TRANSPORT those horses, who daintily rode on top while the Maya pulled.

Naw, that's so crazy no one would ever fall for it.

:O

Posted: Sat Apr 28, 2007 2:00 am
by _Bond...James Bond
Possible apologetic arguments:

Possibility that the horses were Pokemon and were never let out of their balls after the civilization declined.

Possibility that the Nephites were fans of water polo until their horses all drowned....and the horse bones are currently under the sea.

Possibility that the horses were minced, BBQed, and served as mystery meat.

Possibility that the horses were similar to the horses in Monty Python's holy grail...i.e. people walked around knocking coconut shells together.

Posted: Sat Apr 28, 2007 4:20 am
by _Bond...James Bond
beastie wrote:Hey, how about the horses were really teeny tiny dainty little things that were kept as pets by the elites? The chariots were actually used to TRANSPORT those horses, who daintily rode on top while the Maya pulled.


Sounds like my little Nephite pony.

Posted: Sat Apr 28, 2007 4:55 am
by _Runtu
beastie wrote:Ok, here's my contribution:

Hey, how about the horses were really teeny tiny dainty little things that were kept as pets by the elites? The chariots were actually used to TRANSPORT those horses, who daintily rode on top while the Maya pulled.

Naw, that's so crazy no one would ever fall for it.

:O


Now, where have I heard this before? Tiny ceremonial pets carried on platforms?

Honestly, that piece of apologism forever makes me giggle when I read anything from Brant.

Posted: Sat Apr 28, 2007 5:20 am
by _Blixa
I've always loved executive order and meso hippus.

I even had a little eohippus model when I was a kid that I played with ala "my pretty pony." And I used to pull it around in one of my brother' toy trucks. So that proves....rats, I'm indulging in presentism, again....

Posted: Sat Apr 28, 2007 5:26 am
by _Bond...James Bond
Maybe they were talking about hobby horses.

Image

Posted: Sat Apr 28, 2007 2:14 pm
by _beastie
Now, where have I heard this before? Tiny ceremonial pets carried on platforms?

Honestly, that piece of apologism forever makes me giggle when I read anything from Brant.


I think Brant himself is a bit embarrassed by it as well. He once commented that he realized this had become a favorite of critics, and he didn't currently adhere to it anyway, it was just brainstorming.

So I'm not holding him to this idea, but I do think it demonstrates the desperation of Book of Mormon apologetics.

One of his other pieces I found equally creative is the suggestion that since we know the Maya elite had spiritual animal companions, called way[/] (which were an integral part of their religious world view), and they believed their [i]way not only accompanied them into battle but the battle was won or lost based on the success of their way in fighting the way of the opponent, then what the Nephites REALLY meant by "horse and chariot" was the litter the elite were carried on by humans, accompanied by his spiritual animal companion.

You've got to admire his determination.

Bokovoy has engaged in another creative piece of apologia by claiming that the word "horse" can, in Biblical translations, mean a human transporter. Of course, the word in the Bible is "horsemen", not "horse", as he does explain, but never tells us why we should reasonably expect it could be "horse" as well.